/* Copyright (c) 2001 Matej Pfajfar. * Copyright (c) 2001-2004, Roger Dingledine. * Copyright (c) 2004-2006, Roger Dingledine, Nick Mathewson. * Copyright (c) 2007-2018, The Tor Project, Inc. */ /* See LICENSE for licensing information */ /** * \file loadkey.c * \brief Read keys from disk, creating as needed * * This code is shared by relays and onion services, which both need * this functionality. **/ #include "core/or/or.h" #include "app/config/config.h" #include "app/main/main.h" #include "feature/keymgt/loadkey.h" #include "feature/nodelist/torcert.h" #include "lib/crypt_ops/crypto_pwbox.h" #include "lib/crypt_ops/crypto_util.h" #include "lib/term/getpass.h" #include "lib/crypt_ops/crypto_format.h" #define ENC_KEY_HEADER "Boxed Ed25519 key" #define ENC_KEY_TAG "master" #ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H #include #endif /** Try to read an RSA key from fname. If fname doesn't exist * and generate is true, create a new RSA key and save it in * fname. Return the read/created key, or NULL on error. Log all * errors at level severity. If created_out/b> is non-NULL and a * new key was created, set *created_out to true. */ crypto_pk_t * init_key_from_file(const char *fname, int generate, int severity, bool *created_out) { crypto_pk_t *prkey = NULL; if (created_out) { *created_out = false; } if (!(prkey = crypto_pk_new())) { tor_log(severity, LD_GENERAL,"Error constructing key"); goto error; } switch (file_status(fname)) { case FN_DIR: case FN_ERROR: tor_log(severity, LD_FS,"Can't read key from \"%s\"", fname); goto error; /* treat empty key files as if the file doesn't exist, and, * if generate is set, replace the empty file in * crypto_pk_write_private_key_to_filename() */ case FN_NOENT: case FN_EMPTY: if (generate) { if (!have_lockfile()) { if (try_locking(get_options(), 0)<0) { /* Make sure that --list-fingerprint only creates new keys * if there is no possibility for a deadlock. */ tor_log(severity, LD_FS, "Another Tor process has locked \"%s\". " "Not writing any new keys.", fname); /*XXXX The 'other process' might make a key in a second or two; * maybe we should wait for it. */ goto error; } } log_info(LD_GENERAL, "No key found in \"%s\"; generating fresh key.", fname); if (crypto_pk_generate_key(prkey)) { tor_log(severity, LD_GENERAL,"Error generating onion key"); goto error; } if (! crypto_pk_is_valid_private_key(prkey)) { tor_log(severity, LD_GENERAL,"Generated key seems invalid"); goto error; } log_info(LD_GENERAL, "Generated key seems valid"); if (created_out) { *created_out = true; } if (crypto_pk_write_private_key_to_filename(prkey, fname)) { tor_log(severity, LD_FS, "Couldn't write generated key to \"%s\".", fname); goto error; } } else { tor_log(severity, LD_GENERAL, "No key found in \"%s\"", fname); goto error; } return prkey; case FN_FILE: if (crypto_pk_read_private_key_from_filename(prkey, fname)) { tor_log(severity, LD_GENERAL,"Error loading private key."); goto error; } return prkey; default: tor_assert(0); } error: if (prkey) crypto_pk_free(prkey); return NULL; } /* DOCDOC */ static ssize_t do_getpass(const char *prompt, char *buf, size_t buflen, int twice, const or_options_t *options) { if (options->keygen_force_passphrase == FORCE_PASSPHRASE_OFF) { tor_assert(buflen); buf[0] = 0; return 0; } char *prompt2 = NULL; char *buf2 = NULL; int fd = -1; ssize_t length = -1; if (options->use_keygen_passphrase_fd) { twice = 0; fd = options->keygen_passphrase_fd; length = read_all_from_fd(fd, buf, buflen-1); if (length >= 0) buf[length] = 0; goto done_reading; } if (twice) { const char msg[] = "One more time:"; size_t p2len = strlen(prompt) + 1; if (p2len < sizeof(msg)) p2len = sizeof(msg); prompt2 = tor_malloc(p2len); memset(prompt2, ' ', p2len); memcpy(prompt2 + p2len - sizeof(msg), msg, sizeof(msg)); buf2 = tor_malloc_zero(buflen); } while (1) { length = tor_getpass(prompt, buf, buflen); if (length < 0) goto done_reading; if (! twice) break; ssize_t length2 = tor_getpass(prompt2, buf2, buflen); if (length != length2 || tor_memneq(buf, buf2, length)) { fprintf(stderr, "That didn't match.\n"); } else { break; } } done_reading: if (twice) { tor_free(prompt2); memwipe(buf2, 0, buflen); tor_free(buf2); } if (options->keygen_force_passphrase == FORCE_PASSPHRASE_ON && length == 0) return -1; return length; } /* DOCDOC */ int read_encrypted_secret_key(ed25519_secret_key_t *out, const char *fname) { int r = -1; uint8_t *secret = NULL; size_t secret_len = 0; char pwbuf[256]; uint8_t encrypted_key[256]; char *tag = NULL; int saved_errno = 0; ssize_t encrypted_len = crypto_read_tagged_contents_from_file(fname, ENC_KEY_HEADER, &tag, encrypted_key, sizeof(encrypted_key)); if (encrypted_len < 0) { saved_errno = errno; log_info(LD_OR, "%s is missing", fname); r = 0; goto done; } if (strcmp(tag, ENC_KEY_TAG)) { saved_errno = EINVAL; goto done; } while (1) { ssize_t pwlen = do_getpass("Enter passphrase for master key:", pwbuf, sizeof(pwbuf), 0, get_options()); if (pwlen < 0) { saved_errno = EINVAL; goto done; } const int r_unbox = crypto_unpwbox(&secret, &secret_len, encrypted_key, encrypted_len, pwbuf, pwlen); if (r_unbox == UNPWBOX_CORRUPTED) { log_err(LD_OR, "%s is corrupted.", fname); saved_errno = EINVAL; goto done; } else if (r_unbox == UNPWBOX_OKAY) { break; } /* Otherwise, passphrase is bad, so try again till user does ctrl-c or gets * it right. */ } if (secret_len != ED25519_SECKEY_LEN) { log_err(LD_OR, "%s is corrupted.", fname); saved_errno = EINVAL; goto done; } memcpy(out->seckey, secret, ED25519_SECKEY_LEN); r = 1; done: memwipe(encrypted_key, 0, sizeof(encrypted_key)); memwipe(pwbuf, 0, sizeof(pwbuf)); tor_free(tag); if (secret) { memwipe(secret, 0, secret_len); tor_free(secret); } if (saved_errno) errno = saved_errno; return r; } /* DOCDOC */ int write_encrypted_secret_key(const ed25519_secret_key_t *key, const char *fname) { int r = -1; char pwbuf0[256]; uint8_t *encrypted_key = NULL; size_t encrypted_len = 0; if (do_getpass("Enter new passphrase:", pwbuf0, sizeof(pwbuf0), 1, get_options()) < 0) { log_warn(LD_OR, "NO/failed passphrase"); return -1; } if (strlen(pwbuf0) == 0) { if (get_options()->keygen_force_passphrase == FORCE_PASSPHRASE_ON) return -1; else return 0; } if (crypto_pwbox(&encrypted_key, &encrypted_len, key->seckey, sizeof(key->seckey), pwbuf0, strlen(pwbuf0), 0) < 0) { log_warn(LD_OR, "crypto_pwbox failed!?"); goto done; } if (crypto_write_tagged_contents_to_file(fname, ENC_KEY_HEADER, ENC_KEY_TAG, encrypted_key, encrypted_len) < 0) goto done; r = 1; done: if (encrypted_key) { memwipe(encrypted_key, 0, encrypted_len); tor_free(encrypted_key); } memwipe(pwbuf0, 0, sizeof(pwbuf0)); return r; } /* DOCDOC */ static int write_secret_key(const ed25519_secret_key_t *key, int encrypted, const char *fname, const char *fname_tag, const char *encrypted_fname) { if (encrypted) { int r = write_encrypted_secret_key(key, encrypted_fname); if (r == 1) { /* Success! */ /* Try to unlink the unencrypted key, if any existed before */ if (strcmp(fname, encrypted_fname)) unlink(fname); return r; } else if (r != 0) { /* Unrecoverable failure! */ return r; } fprintf(stderr, "Not encrypting the secret key.\n"); } return ed25519_seckey_write_to_file(key, fname, fname_tag); } /** * Read an ed25519 key and associated certificates from files beginning with * fname, with certificate type cert_type. On failure, return * NULL; on success return the keypair. * * The options is used to look at the change_key_passphrase value when * writing to disk a secret key. It is safe to be NULL even in that case. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_CREATE is set in flags, then create the key (and * certificate if requested) if it doesn't exist, and save it to disk. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_NEEDCERT is set in flags, load/create a certificate * too and store it in *cert_out. Fail if the cert can't be * found/created. To create a certificate, signing_key must be set to * the key that should sign it; now to the current time, and * lifetime to the lifetime of the key. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_REPLACE is set in flags, then create and save new key * whether we can read the old one or not. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_EXTRA_STRONG is set in flags, set the extra_strong * flag when creating the secret key. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_INCLUDE_SIGNING_KEY_IN_CERT is set in flags, and * we create a new certificate, create it with the signing key embedded. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_SPLIT is set in flags, and we create a new key, * store the public key in a separate file from the secret key. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_MISSING_SECRET_OK is set in flags, and we find a * public key file but no secret key file, return successfully anyway. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_OMIT_SECRET is set in flags, do not try to load a * secret key unless no public key is found. Do not return a secret key. (but * create and save one if needed). * * If INIT_ED_KEY_TRY_ENCRYPTED is set, we look for an encrypted secret key * and consider encrypting any new secret key. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_NO_REPAIR is set, and there is any issue loading the keys * from disk _other than their absence_ (full or partial), we do not try to * replace them. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_SUGGEST_KEYGEN is set, have log messages about failures * refer to the --keygen option. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_EXPLICIT_FNAME is set, use the provided file name for the * secret key file, encrypted or not. * * If INIT_ED_KEY_OFFLINE_SECRET is set, we won't try to load the master * secret key and we log a message at severity that we've done so. */ ed25519_keypair_t * ed_key_init_from_file(const char *fname, uint32_t flags, int severity, const ed25519_keypair_t *signing_key, time_t now, time_t lifetime, uint8_t cert_type, struct tor_cert_st **cert_out, const or_options_t *options) { char *secret_fname = NULL; char *encrypted_secret_fname = NULL; char *public_fname = NULL; char *cert_fname = NULL; const char *loaded_secret_fname = NULL; int created_pk = 0, created_sk = 0, created_cert = 0; const int try_to_load = ! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_REPLACE); const int encrypt_key = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_TRY_ENCRYPTED); const int norepair = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_NO_REPAIR); const int split = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_SPLIT); const int omit_secret = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_OMIT_SECRET); const int offline_secret = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_OFFLINE_SECRET); const int explicit_fname = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_EXPLICIT_FNAME); /* we don't support setting both of these flags at once. */ tor_assert((flags & (INIT_ED_KEY_NO_REPAIR|INIT_ED_KEY_NEEDCERT)) != (INIT_ED_KEY_NO_REPAIR|INIT_ED_KEY_NEEDCERT)); char tag[8]; tor_snprintf(tag, sizeof(tag), "type%d", (int)cert_type); tor_cert_t *cert = NULL; char *got_tag = NULL; ed25519_keypair_t *keypair = tor_malloc_zero(sizeof(ed25519_keypair_t)); if (explicit_fname) { secret_fname = tor_strdup(fname); encrypted_secret_fname = tor_strdup(fname); } else { tor_asprintf(&secret_fname, "%s_secret_key", fname); tor_asprintf(&encrypted_secret_fname, "%s_secret_key_encrypted", fname); } tor_asprintf(&public_fname, "%s_public_key", fname); tor_asprintf(&cert_fname, "%s_cert", fname); /* Try to read the secret key. */ int have_secret = 0; int load_secret = try_to_load && !offline_secret && (!omit_secret || file_status(public_fname)==FN_NOENT); if (load_secret) { int rv = ed25519_seckey_read_from_file(&keypair->seckey, &got_tag, secret_fname); if (rv == 0) { have_secret = 1; loaded_secret_fname = secret_fname; tor_assert(got_tag); } else { if (errno != ENOENT && norepair) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Unable to read %s: %s", secret_fname, strerror(errno)); goto err; } } } /* Should we try for an encrypted key? */ int have_encrypted_secret_file = 0; if (!have_secret && try_to_load && encrypt_key) { int r = read_encrypted_secret_key(&keypair->seckey, encrypted_secret_fname); if (r > 0) { have_secret = 1; have_encrypted_secret_file = 1; tor_free(got_tag); /* convince coverity we aren't leaking */ got_tag = tor_strdup(tag); loaded_secret_fname = encrypted_secret_fname; } else if (errno != ENOENT && norepair) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Unable to read %s: %s", encrypted_secret_fname, strerror(errno)); goto err; } } else { if (try_to_load) { /* Check if it's there anyway, so we don't replace it. */ if (file_status(encrypted_secret_fname) != FN_NOENT) have_encrypted_secret_file = 1; } } if (have_secret) { if (strcmp(got_tag, tag)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "%s has wrong tag", loaded_secret_fname); goto err; } /* Derive the public key */ if (ed25519_public_key_generate(&keypair->pubkey, &keypair->seckey)<0) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "%s can't produce a public key", loaded_secret_fname); goto err; } } /* If we do split keys here, try to read the pubkey. */ int found_public = 0; if (try_to_load && (!have_secret || split)) { ed25519_public_key_t pubkey_tmp; tor_free(got_tag); found_public = ed25519_pubkey_read_from_file(&pubkey_tmp, &got_tag, public_fname) == 0; if (!found_public && errno != ENOENT && norepair) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Unable to read %s: %s", public_fname, strerror(errno)); goto err; } if (found_public && strcmp(got_tag, tag)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "%s has wrong tag", public_fname); goto err; } if (found_public) { if (have_secret) { /* If we have a secret key and we're reloading the public key, * the key must match! */ if (! ed25519_pubkey_eq(&keypair->pubkey, &pubkey_tmp)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "%s does not match %s! If you are trying " "to restore from backup, make sure you didn't mix up the " "key files. If you are absolutely sure that %s is the right " "key for this relay, delete %s or move it out of the way.", public_fname, loaded_secret_fname, loaded_secret_fname, public_fname); goto err; } } else { /* We only have the public key; better use that. */ tor_assert(split); memcpy(&keypair->pubkey, &pubkey_tmp, sizeof(pubkey_tmp)); } } else { /* We have no public key file, but we do have a secret key, make the * public key file! */ if (have_secret) { if (ed25519_pubkey_write_to_file(&keypair->pubkey, public_fname, tag) < 0) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Couldn't repair %s", public_fname); goto err; } else { tor_log(LOG_NOTICE, LD_OR, "Found secret key but not %s. Regenerating.", public_fname); } } } } /* If the secret key is absent and it's not allowed to be, fail. */ if (!have_secret && found_public && !(flags & INIT_ED_KEY_MISSING_SECRET_OK)) { if (have_encrypted_secret_file) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "We needed to load a secret key from %s, " "but it was encrypted. Try 'tor --keygen' instead, so you " "can enter the passphrase.", secret_fname); } else if (offline_secret) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "We wanted to load a secret key from %s, " "but you're keeping it offline. (OfflineMasterKey is set.)", secret_fname); } else { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "We needed to load a secret key from %s, " "but couldn't find it. %s", secret_fname, (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_SUGGEST_KEYGEN) ? "If you're keeping your master secret key offline, you will " "need to run 'tor --keygen' to generate new signing keys." : "Did you forget to copy it over when you copied the rest of the " "signing key material?"); } goto err; } /* If it's absent, and we're not supposed to make a new keypair, fail. */ if (!have_secret && !found_public && !(flags & INIT_ED_KEY_CREATE)) { if (split) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "No key found in %s or %s.", secret_fname, public_fname); } else { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "No key found in %s.", secret_fname); } goto err; } /* If the secret key is absent, but the encrypted key would be present, * that's an error */ if (!have_secret && !found_public && have_encrypted_secret_file) { tor_assert(!encrypt_key); tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Found an encrypted secret key, " "but not public key file %s!", public_fname); goto err; } /* if it's absent, make a new keypair... */ if (!have_secret && !found_public) { tor_free(keypair); keypair = ed_key_new(signing_key, flags, now, lifetime, cert_type, &cert); if (!keypair) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Couldn't create keypair"); goto err; } created_pk = created_sk = created_cert = 1; } /* Write it to disk if we're supposed to do with a new passphrase, or if * we just created it. */ if (created_sk || (have_secret && options != NULL && options->change_key_passphrase)) { if (write_secret_key(&keypair->seckey, encrypt_key, secret_fname, tag, encrypted_secret_fname) < 0 || (split && ed25519_pubkey_write_to_file(&keypair->pubkey, public_fname, tag) < 0) || (cert && crypto_write_tagged_contents_to_file(cert_fname, "ed25519v1-cert", tag, cert->encoded, cert->encoded_len) < 0)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Couldn't write keys or cert to file."); goto err; } goto done; } /* If we're not supposed to get a cert, we're done. */ if (! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_NEEDCERT)) goto done; /* Read a cert. */ tor_free(got_tag); uint8_t certbuf[256]; ssize_t cert_body_len = crypto_read_tagged_contents_from_file( cert_fname, "ed25519v1-cert", &got_tag, certbuf, sizeof(certbuf)); if (cert_body_len >= 0 && !strcmp(got_tag, tag)) cert = tor_cert_parse(certbuf, cert_body_len); /* If we got it, check it to the extent we can. */ int bad_cert = 0; if (! cert) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Cert was unparseable"); bad_cert = 1; } else if (!tor_memeq(cert->signed_key.pubkey, keypair->pubkey.pubkey, ED25519_PUBKEY_LEN)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Cert was for wrong key"); bad_cert = 1; } else if (signing_key && tor_cert_checksig(cert, &signing_key->pubkey, now) < 0) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Can't check certificate: %s", tor_cert_describe_signature_status(cert)); bad_cert = 1; } else if (cert->cert_expired) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Certificate is expired"); bad_cert = 1; } else if (signing_key && cert->signing_key_included && ! ed25519_pubkey_eq(&signing_key->pubkey, &cert->signing_key)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Certificate signed by unexpectd key!"); bad_cert = 1; } if (bad_cert) { tor_cert_free(cert); cert = NULL; } /* If we got a cert, we're done. */ if (cert) goto done; /* If we didn't get a cert, and we're not supposed to make one, fail. */ if (!signing_key || !(flags & INIT_ED_KEY_CREATE)) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Without signing key, can't create certificate"); goto err; } /* We have keys but not a certificate, so make one. */ uint32_t cert_flags = 0; if (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_INCLUDE_SIGNING_KEY_IN_CERT) cert_flags |= CERT_FLAG_INCLUDE_SIGNING_KEY; cert = tor_cert_create(signing_key, cert_type, &keypair->pubkey, now, lifetime, cert_flags); if (! cert) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Couldn't create certificate"); goto err; } /* Write it to disk. */ created_cert = 1; if (crypto_write_tagged_contents_to_file(cert_fname, "ed25519v1-cert", tag, cert->encoded, cert->encoded_len) < 0) { tor_log(severity, LD_OR, "Couldn't write cert to disk."); goto err; } done: if (cert_out) *cert_out = cert; else tor_cert_free(cert); goto cleanup; err: if (keypair) memwipe(keypair, 0, sizeof(*keypair)); tor_free(keypair); tor_cert_free(cert); if (cert_out) *cert_out = NULL; if (created_sk) unlink(secret_fname); if (created_pk) unlink(public_fname); if (created_cert) unlink(cert_fname); cleanup: tor_free(encrypted_secret_fname); tor_free(secret_fname); tor_free(public_fname); tor_free(cert_fname); tor_free(got_tag); return keypair; } /** * Create a new signing key and (optionally) certficiate; do not read or write * from disk. See ed_key_init_from_file() for more information. */ ed25519_keypair_t * ed_key_new(const ed25519_keypair_t *signing_key, uint32_t flags, time_t now, time_t lifetime, uint8_t cert_type, struct tor_cert_st **cert_out) { if (cert_out) *cert_out = NULL; const int extra_strong = !! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_EXTRA_STRONG); ed25519_keypair_t *keypair = tor_malloc_zero(sizeof(ed25519_keypair_t)); if (ed25519_keypair_generate(keypair, extra_strong) < 0) goto err; if (! (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_NEEDCERT)) return keypair; tor_assert(signing_key); tor_assert(cert_out); uint32_t cert_flags = 0; if (flags & INIT_ED_KEY_INCLUDE_SIGNING_KEY_IN_CERT) cert_flags |= CERT_FLAG_INCLUDE_SIGNING_KEY; tor_cert_t *cert = tor_cert_create(signing_key, cert_type, &keypair->pubkey, now, lifetime, cert_flags); if (! cert) goto err; *cert_out = cert; return keypair; err: tor_free(keypair); return NULL; }