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  <title>Tor Hidden Service Configuration Instructions</title>
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<h1>Configuring Hidden Services for <a href="http://tor.eff.org/">Tor</a></h1>
<hr />

<p>Tor allows clients and servers to offer hidden services. That is,
you can offer a web server, SSH server, etc., without revealing your
IP to its users. In fact, because you don't need any public address,
you can run a hidden service from behind your firewall.
</p>

<p>This howto describes the steps for setting up your own hidden service
website.
</p>

<hr />
<a name="zero"></a>
<h3>Step Zero: Get Tor and Privoxy working</h3>

<p>Before you start, you need to make sure 1) Tor is up and running,
2) Privoxy is up and running, 3) Privoxy is configured to point
to Tor, and 4) You actually set it up correctly.</p>

<p>Windows users should follow the <a
href="http://tor.eff.org/doc/tor-doc-win32.html">Windows
howto</a>, and OS X users should follow the <a
href=http://tor.eff.org/doc/tor-doc-osx.html">OS
X howto</a>. Other users can find some hints <a
href="http://tor.eff.org/doc/tor-doc.html#installing">here</a>.
</p>

<p>Once you've got Tor and Privoxy installed and configured,
you can see hidden services in action by clicking on <a
href="http://6sxoyfb3h2nvok2d.onion/">the hidden wiki</a>
in your browser. It will typically take 10-60 seconds to load
(or to decide that it is currently unreachable). If it fails
immediately and your browser pops up an alert saying that that
"www.6sxoyfb3h2nvok2d.onion could not be found, please check the name and
try again" then you haven't configured Tor and Privoxy correctly; see <a
href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#ItDoesntWork">this
FAQ entry</a> for some help.
</p>

<hr />
<a name="one"></a>
<h3>Step One: Configure an example hidden service</h3>

<p>In this step, you're going to configure a hidden service that points
to www.google.com. This way we can make sure you've gotten this step
working before we start thinking about setting up a web server locally.
</p>

<p>First, open your torrc file in your favorite text editor. (See <a
href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#torrc">this
FAQ entry</a> to learn what this means.) Go to the middle section and
look for the line</p>

<pre>
############### This section is just for location-hidden services ###
</pre>

<p>
This section of the file consists of groups of lines, each representing
one hidden service. Right now they are all commented out (the lines
start with #), so now hidden services are enabled. Each group of lines
consists of one HiddenServiceDir line, and one or more HiddenServicePort
lines:</p>
<ul>
<li><b>HiddenServiceDir</b> is a directory where Tor will store information
about that hidden service.  In particular, Tor will create a file here named
<i>hostname</i> which will tell you the onion URL.  You don't need to add any
files to this directory.</li>
<li><b>HiddenServicePort</b> lets you specify a virtual port (that is, what
port people accessing the hidden service will think they're using) and an
IP address and port for redirecting connections to this virtual port.</li>
</ul>

<p>In this example, we're going to set up a hidden service that points to
Google. So add the following lines to your torrc:
</p>

<pre>
HiddenServiceDir /home/username/hidserv/
HiddenServicePort 80 www.google.com:80
</pre>

<p>You're going to want to change the HiddenServiceDir line, so it
points to an actual directory that you have read/write access to. Fill
in your own username in place of "username". For
example, in Windows you might pick:</p>
<pre>
HiddenServiceDir C:\Documents and Settings\username\hidden_service/
HiddenServicePort 80 www.google.com:80
</pre>

<p>Now save the torrc, and restart your Tor.
</p>

<p>If Tor starts up again, great. Otherwise, something is wrong. Look
at your torrc for obvious mistakes like typos. Then double-check
that the directory you picked is writeable by you. If it's still
not working, you should look at the Tor logs for hints. (See <a
href="http://wiki.noreply.org/noreply/TheOnionRouter/TorFAQ#Logs">this
FAQ entry</a> if you don't know how to enable or find your log file.)
</p>

<p>When Tor starts, it will automatically create two files in the
HiddenServiceDir that you specified. First, it will generate a new
public/private keypair for your hidden service, and write it into a
file called "private_key". Don't share this key with others -- if you
do they will be able to impersonate your hidden service. If you plan to
keep your service available for a long time, you might want to make a
backup copy of the private_key somewhere.
</p>

<p>The other file it will create is called "hostname". This contains
a short summary of your public key -- it will look something like
<tt>6sxoyfb3h2nvok2d.onion</tt>. This is the public name for your service,
and you can tell it to people, publish it on websites, put it on business
cards, etc.
</p>

<p>Now that you've restarted Tor, it is busy picking introduction points
in the Tor network, and generating what's called a "hidden service
descriptor", which is a signed list of introduction points along with
the service's full public key. It anonymously publishes this descriptor
to the directory servers, and other people anonymously fetch it from the
directory servers when they're trying to access your service.
</p>

<p>Try it now: paste the contents of the hostname file into your web
browser. If it works, you'll get the google frontpage, but the URL in your
browser's window will be your hidden service hostname. If it doesn't work,
look in your logs for some hints, and keep playing with it until it works.
</p>

<hr />
<a name="two"></a>
<h3>Step Two: Now install a web server locally</h3>

<p>Now that you've got hidden services working on Tor, you need to
set up your web server locally. Setting up a web server is tricky,
so we're just going to go over a few basics here. If you get stuck
or want to do more, find a friend who can help you.
</p>

<p>If you're on Unix or OS X and you're comfortable with
the command-line, by far the best way to go is to install <a
href="http://www.acme.com/software/thttpd/">thttpd</a>. Just grab the
latest tarball, untar it (it will create its own directory), and run
./configure &amp;&amp; make. Then mkdir hidserv, cd hidserv, and run
"../thttpd -p 5222 -h localhost". Wham, you're running a webserver on
port 5222. You can put files to serve in the hidserv directory.
</p>

<p>If you're on Windows, ...
</p>


<hr />
<a name="three"></a>
<h3>Step Three: Connect your web server to your hidden service</h3>

<p>This part is very simple. Open up your torrc again, and change the
HiddenServicePort line from "www.google.com:80" to "localhost:5222".
Then restart Tor. Make sure that it's working by reloading your hidden
service hostname in your browser.
</p>

<hr />

<p>If you have suggestions for improving this document, please <a
href="mailto:tor-bugs@freehaven.net">send them to us</a>. Thanks!</p>

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