tor/src/or/channeltls.c

/* * Copyright (c) 2012, The Tor Project, Inc. */
/* See LICENSE for licensing information */

/**
 * \file channeltls.c
 * \brief channel_t concrete subclass using or_connection_t
 **/

/*
 * Define this so channel.h gives us things only channel_t subclasses
 * should touch.
 */

#define _TOR_CHANNEL_INTERNAL

#include "or.h"
#include "channel.h"
#include "channeltls.h"
#include "config.h"
#include "connection.h"
#include "connection_or.h"
#include "control.h"
#include "relay.h"
#include "router.h"
#include "routerlist.h"

/** How many CELL_PADDING cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_padding_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_VERSIONS cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_versions_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_NETINFO cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_netinfo_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_VPADDING cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_vpadding_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_CERTS cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_certs_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_AUTH_CHALLENGE cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_auth_challenge_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_AUTHENTICATE cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_authenticate_cells_processed = 0;
/** How many CELL_AUTHORIZE cells have we received, ever? */
uint64_t stats_n_authorize_cells_processed = 0;

/** Active listener, if any */
channel_tls_t *channel_tls_listener = NULL;

/* channel_tls_t method declarations */

static void channel_tls_close_method(channel_t *chan);
static const char * channel_tls_describe_transport_method(channel_t *chan);
static int
channel_tls_get_remote_addr_method(channel_t *chan, tor_addr_t *addr_out);
static const char *
channel_tls_get_remote_descr_method(channel_t *chan, int req);
static int channel_tls_has_queued_writes_method(channel_t *chan);
static int channel_tls_is_canonical_method(channel_t *chan, int req);
static int
channel_tls_matches_extend_info_method(channel_t *chan,
                                       extend_info_t *extend_info);
static int channel_tls_matches_target_method(channel_t *chan,
                                             const tor_addr_t *target);
static int channel_tls_write_cell_method(channel_t *chan,
                                         cell_t *cell);
static int channel_tls_write_packed_cell_method(channel_t *chan,
                                                packed_cell_t *packed_cell);
static int channel_tls_write_var_cell_method(channel_t *chan,
                                             var_cell_t *var_cell);

/** Handle incoming cells for the handshake stuff here rather than
 * passing them on up. */

static void channel_tls_process_versions_cell(var_cell_t *cell,
                                              channel_tls_t *tlschan);
static void channel_tls_process_netinfo_cell(cell_t *cell,
                                             channel_tls_t *tlschan);
static void channel_tls_process_certs_cell(var_cell_t *cell,
                                           channel_tls_t *tlschan);
static void channel_tls_process_auth_challenge_cell(var_cell_t *cell,
                                                    channel_tls_t *tlschan);
static void channel_tls_process_authenticate_cell(var_cell_t *cell,
                                                  channel_tls_t *tlschan);
static int command_allowed_before_handshake(uint8_t command);
static int enter_v3_handshake_with_cell(var_cell_t *cell,
                                        channel_tls_t *tlschan);

/**
 * Start a new TLS channel
 *
 * Launch a new OR connection to <b>addr</b>:<b>port</b> and expect to
 * handshake with an OR with identity digest <b>id_digest</b>, and wrap
 * it in a channel_tls_t.
 *
 * @param addr Address to connect on
 * @param port Port to connect on
 * @param id_digest Identity digest we want
 * @return The launched channel, or NULL if it failed.
 */

channel_t *
channel_tls_connect(const tor_addr_t *addr, uint16_t port,
                    const char *id_digest)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = tor_malloc_zero(sizeof(*tlschan));
  channel_t *chan = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(tlschan);
  channel_init_for_cells(chan);
  chan->state = CHANNEL_STATE_OPENING;
  chan->close = channel_tls_close_method;
  chan->describe_transport = channel_tls_describe_transport_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.get_remote_addr = channel_tls_get_remote_addr_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.get_remote_descr = channel_tls_get_remote_descr_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.has_queued_writes = channel_tls_has_queued_writes_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.is_canonical = channel_tls_is_canonical_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.matches_extend_info =
    channel_tls_matches_extend_info_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.matches_target = channel_tls_matches_target_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_cell = channel_tls_write_cell_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_packed_cell = channel_tls_write_packed_cell_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_var_cell = channel_tls_write_var_cell_method;

  log_debug(LD_CHANNEL,
            "In channel_tls_connect() for channel %p (global id %lu)",
            tlschan, chan->global_identifier);

  if (is_local_addr(addr)) channel_mark_local(chan);
  channel_mark_outgoing(chan);

  chan->u.cell_chan.active_circuit_pqueue = smartlist_new();
  chan->u.cell_chan.active_circuit_pqueue_last_recalibrated =
    cell_ewma_get_tick();

  /* Set up or_connection stuff */
  connection_or_connect(addr, port, id_digest, tlschan);
  /* connection_or_connect() will fill in tlschan->conn */
  if (!(tlschan->conn)) {
    channel_change_state(chan, CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR);
    goto err;
  }

  log_debug(LD_CHANNEL,
            "Got orconn %p for channel with global id %lu",
            tlschan->conn, chan->global_identifier);

  goto done;

 err:
  smartlist_free(chan->u.cell_chan.active_circuit_pqueue);
  tor_free(tlschan);
  chan = NULL;

 done:
  /* If we got one, we should register it */
  if (chan) channel_register(chan);

  return chan;
}

/**
 * Return the current channel_tls_t listener
 *
 * Returns the current listening channel for incoming TLS connections, or
 * NULL if none has been established
 *
 * @return TLS listener
 */

channel_t *
channel_tls_get_listener(void)
{
  return TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(channel_tls_listener);
}

/**
 * Start a channel_tls_t listener if necessary
 *
 * Return the current channel_tls_t listener, or start one if we haven't yet,
 * and return that.
 *
 * @return TLS listener
 */

channel_t *
channel_tls_start_listener(void)
{
  channel_tls_t *listener;
  channel_t *lchan;

  if (!channel_tls_listener) {
    listener = tor_malloc_zero(sizeof(*listener));
    lchan = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(listener);
    channel_init_listener(lchan);
    lchan->state = CHANNEL_STATE_LISTENING;
    lchan->close = channel_tls_close_method;
    lchan->describe_transport = channel_tls_describe_transport_method;

    channel_tls_listener = listener;

    log_debug(LD_CHANNEL,
              "Starting TLS listener channel %p with global id %lu",
              lchan, lchan->global_identifier);

    channel_register(lchan);
  } else lchan = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(channel_tls_listener);

  return lchan;
}

/**
 * Free everything on shutdown
 *
 * Not much to do here, since channel_free_all() takes care of a lot, but let's
 * get rid of the listener.
 */

void
channel_tls_free_all(void)
{
  channel_t *base = NULL;

  log_debug(LD_CHANNEL,
            "Shutting down TLS channels...");

  if (channel_tls_listener) {
    base = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(channel_tls_listener);
    channel_unregister(base);
    channel_request_close(base);
    channel_free(base);
    channel_tls_listener = NULL;
  }

  log_debug(LD_CHANNEL,
            "Done shutting down TLS channels");
}

/**
 * Create a new channel around an incoming or_connection_t
 *
 * @param orconn New or_connection_t
 * @return A channel to queue on the TLS listener
 */

channel_t *
channel_tls_handle_incoming(or_connection_t *orconn)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = tor_malloc_zero(sizeof(*tlschan));
  channel_t *chan = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(tlschan);

  tor_assert(orconn);
  tor_assert(!(orconn->chan));

  channel_init_for_cells(chan);
  chan->state = CHANNEL_STATE_OPENING;
  chan->close = channel_tls_close_method;
  chan->describe_transport = channel_tls_describe_transport_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.get_remote_descr = channel_tls_get_remote_descr_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.has_queued_writes = channel_tls_has_queued_writes_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.is_canonical = channel_tls_is_canonical_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.matches_extend_info =
    channel_tls_matches_extend_info_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.matches_target = channel_tls_matches_target_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_cell = channel_tls_write_cell_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_packed_cell = channel_tls_write_packed_cell_method;
  chan->u.cell_chan.write_var_cell = channel_tls_write_var_cell_method;

  /* Link the channel and orconn to each other */
  tlschan->conn = orconn;
  orconn->chan = tlschan;

  if (is_local_addr(&(TO_CONN(orconn)->addr))) channel_mark_local(chan);
  channel_mark_incoming(chan);

  chan->u.cell_chan.active_circuit_pqueue = smartlist_new();
  chan->u.cell_chan.active_circuit_pqueue_last_recalibrated =
    cell_ewma_get_tick();

  /* If we got one, we should register it */
  if (chan) channel_register(chan);

  return chan;
}

/********************************************
 * Method implementations for channel_tls_t *
 *******************************************/

/**
 * Close a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the close method for channel_tls_t
 *
 * @param chan Channel to close
 */

static void
channel_tls_close_method(channel_t *chan)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);
  channel_t *tmp = NULL;

  tor_assert(tlschan);

  if (chan->is_listener) {
    /*
     * Listeners we just go ahead and change state through to CLOSED, but
     * make sure to check if they're channel_tls_listener to NULL it out.
     */
    if (chan == TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(channel_tls_listener))
      channel_tls_listener = NULL;

    if (!(chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSING ||
          chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSED ||
          chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR)) {
      channel_change_state(chan, CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSING);
    }

    if (chan->u.listener.incoming_list) {
      SMARTLIST_FOREACH_BEGIN(chan->u.listener.incoming_list,
                              channel_t *, ichan) {
        tmp = ichan;
        SMARTLIST_DEL_CURRENT(chan->u.listener.incoming_list, ichan);
        channel_request_close(tmp);
      } SMARTLIST_FOREACH_END(ichan);

      smartlist_free(chan->u.listener.incoming_list);
      chan->u.listener.incoming_list = NULL;
    }

    if (!(chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSED ||
          chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR)) {
      channel_change_state(chan, CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSED);
    }
  } else {
    if (tlschan->conn) connection_or_close_normally(tlschan->conn, 1);
    else {
      /* Weird - we'll have to change the state ourselves, I guess */
      log_info(LD_CHANNEL,
               "Tried to close channel_tls_t %p with NULL conn",
               tlschan);
      channel_change_state(chan, CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Describe the transport for a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This returns the string "TLS channel on connection <id>" to the upper
 * layer.
 */

static const char *
channel_tls_describe_transport_method(channel_t *chan)
{
  static char *buf = NULL;
  uint64_t id;
  channel_tls_t *tlschan;
  const char *rv = NULL;

  tor_assert(chan);

  if (chan->is_listener) {
    rv = "TLS channel (listening)";
  } else {
    tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

    if (tlschan->conn) {
      id = TO_CONN(tlschan->conn)->global_identifier;

      if (buf) tor_free(buf);
      tor_asprintf(&buf, "TLS channel (connection %lu)", id);

      rv = buf;
    } else {
      rv = "TLS channel (no connection)";
    }
  }

  return rv;
}

/**
 * Get the remote address of a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the get_remote_addr method for channel_tls_t; copy the
 * remote endpoint of the channel to addr_out and return 1 (always
 * succeeds for this transport).
 *
 * @param chan Channel to query
 * @param addr_out Write the address out here
 * @return Always succeeds and returns 1
 */

static int
channel_tls_get_remote_addr_method(channel_t *chan, tor_addr_t *addr_out)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(addr_out);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  tor_addr_copy(addr_out, &(TO_CONN(tlschan->conn)->addr));

  return 1;
}

/**
 * Get endpoint description of a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the get_remote_descr method for channel_tls_t; it returns
 * a text description of the remote endpoint of the channel suitable for use
 * in log messages.  The req parameter is 0 for the canonical address or 1 for
 * the actual address seen.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to query
 * @param req Request type (0 for canonical, 1 for actual)
 * @return Pointer to string containing description
 */

static const char *
channel_tls_get_remote_descr_method(channel_t *chan, int req)
{
#define MAX_DESCR_LEN 32

  static char buf[MAX_DESCR_LEN + 1];
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);
  connection_t *conn;
  const char *answer = NULL;
  char *addr_str;

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  conn = TO_CONN(tlschan->conn);

  switch (req) {
    case 0:
      /* Canonical address */
      tor_snprintf(buf, MAX_DESCR_LEN + 1,
                   "%s:%u", conn->address, conn->port);
      answer = buf;
      break;
    case 1:
      /* Actual address */
      addr_str = tor_dup_addr(&(tlschan->conn->real_addr));
      tor_snprintf(buf, MAX_DESCR_LEN + 1,
                   "%s:%u", addr_str, conn->port);
      tor_free(addr_str);
      answer = buf;
      break;
    default:
      /* Something's broken in channel.c */
      tor_assert(1);
  }

  return answer;
}

/**
 * Tell the upper layer if we have queued writes
 *
 * This implements the has_queued_writes method for channel_tls _t; it returns
 * 1 iff we have queued writes on the outbuf of the underlying or_connection_t.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to query
 * @return Whether we have queued writes on the outbuf
 */

static int
channel_tls_has_queued_writes_method(channel_t *chan)
{
  size_t outbuf_len;
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  outbuf_len = connection_get_outbuf_len(TO_CONN(tlschan->conn));

  return (outbuf_len > 0);
}

/**
 * Tell the upper layer if we're canonical
 *
 * This implements the is_canonical method for channel_tls_t; if req is zero,
 * it returns whether this is a canonical channel, and if it is one it returns
 * whether that can be relied upon.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to query
 * @param req Request type (0 for is_canonical, 1 for is_canonical_reliable)
 * @return Query response
 */

static int
channel_tls_is_canonical_method(channel_t *chan, int req)
{
  int answer = 0;
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  switch (req) {
    case 0:
      answer = tlschan->conn->is_canonical;
      break;
    case 1:
      /*
       * Is the is_canonical bit reliable?  In protocols version 2 and up
       * we get the canonical address from a NETINFO cell, but in older
       * versions it might be based on an obsolete descriptor.
       */
      answer = (tlschan->conn->link_proto >= 2);
      break;
    default:
      /* This shouldn't happen; channel.c is broken if it does */
      tor_assert(1);
  }

  return answer;
}

/**
 * Check if we match an extend_info_t
 *
 * This implements the matches_extend_info method for channel_tls_t; the upper
 * layer wants to know if this channel matches an extend_info_t.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to test
 * @param extend_info The extend_info_t to match
 * @return 1 if this channel matches, 0 otherwise
 */

static int
channel_tls_matches_extend_info_method(channel_t *chan,
                                       extend_info_t *extend_info)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(extend_info);

  return (tor_addr_eq(&(extend_info->addr),
                      &(TO_CONN(tlschan->conn)->addr)) &&
         (extend_info->port == TO_CONN(tlschan->conn)->port));
}

/**
 * Check if we match a target address
 *
 * This implements the matches_target method for channel_tls _t; the upper
 * layer wants to know if this channel matches a target address when extending
 * a circuit.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to test
 * @param target Address to match
 * @return 1 if this channel matches, 0 otherwise
 */

static int
channel_tls_matches_target_method(channel_t *chan,
                                  const tor_addr_t *target)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(target);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  return tor_addr_compare(&(tlschan->conn->real_addr),
                          target, CMP_EXACT);
}

/**
 * Write a cell to a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the write_cell method for channel_tls_t; given a
 * channel_tls_t and a cell_t, transmit the cell_t.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to transmit on
 * @param cell Cell to transmit
 * @return Always succeeds and returns 1
 */

static int
channel_tls_write_cell_method(channel_t *chan, cell_t *cell)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  connection_or_write_cell_to_buf(cell, tlschan->conn);

  return 1;
}

/**
 * Write a packed cell to a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the write_packed_cell method for channel_tls_t; given a
 * channel_tls_t and a packed_cell_t, transmit the packed_cell_t.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to transmit on
 * @param packed_cell Cell to transmit
 * @return Always succeeds and returns 1
 */

static int
channel_tls_write_packed_cell_method(channel_t *chan,
                                     packed_cell_t *packed_cell)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(packed_cell);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  connection_write_to_buf(packed_cell->body, CELL_NETWORK_SIZE,
                          TO_CONN(tlschan->conn));

  /* This is where the cell is finished; used to be done from relay.c */
  packed_cell_free(packed_cell);

  return 1;
}

/**
 * Write a variable-length cell to a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This implements the write_var_cell method for channel_tls_t; given a
 * channel_tls_t and a var_cell_t, transmit the var_cell_t.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to transmit on
 * @param var_cell Cell to transmit
 * @return Always succeeds and returns 1
 */

static int
channel_tls_write_var_cell_method(channel_t *chan, var_cell_t *var_cell)
{
  channel_tls_t *tlschan = BASE_CHAN_TO_TLS(chan);

  tor_assert(tlschan);
  tor_assert(var_cell);
  tor_assert(tlschan->conn);

  connection_or_write_var_cell_to_buf(var_cell, tlschan->conn);

  return 1;
}

/*******************************************************
 * Functions for handling events on an or_connection_t *
 ******************************************************/

/**
 * Handle orconn state changes
 *
 * This function will be called by connection_or.c when the or_connection_t
 * associated with this channel_tls_t changes state.
 *
 * @param chan Channel controlling the or_connection_t
 * @param conn The or_connection_t changing state
 * @param old_state The old state of conn
 * @param state The new state of conn
 */

void
channel_tls_handle_state_change_on_orconn(channel_tls_t *chan,
                                          or_connection_t *conn,
                                          uint8_t old_state,
                                          uint8_t state)
{
  channel_t *base_chan;

  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(conn);
  tor_assert(conn->chan == chan);
  tor_assert(chan->conn == conn);
  /* -Werror appeasement */
  tor_assert(old_state == old_state);

  base_chan = TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan);

  /* Make sure the base connection state makes sense - shouldn't be error,
   * closed or listening. */

  tor_assert(base_chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_OPENING ||
             base_chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_OPEN ||
             base_chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_MAINT ||
             base_chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSING);

  /* Did we just go to state open? */
  if (state == OR_CONN_STATE_OPEN) {
    /*
     * We can go to CHANNEL_STATE_OPEN from CHANNEL_STATE_OPENING or
     * CHANNEL_STATE_MAINT on this.
     */
    channel_change_state(base_chan, CHANNEL_STATE_OPEN);
  } else {
    /*
     * Not open, so from CHANNEL_STATE_OPEN we go to CHANNEL_STATE_MAINT,
     * otherwise no change.
     */
    if (base_chan->state == CHANNEL_STATE_OPEN) {
      channel_change_state(base_chan, CHANNEL_STATE_MAINT);
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Try to flush cells from a channel_tls_t
 *
 * Try to flush up to about num_cells cells, and return how many we flushed.
 *
 * @param chan Channel to flush
 * @param num_cells Maximum number of cells
 * @return Number of cells actually flushed
 */

ssize_t
channel_tls_flush_some_cells(channel_tls_t *chan, ssize_t num_cells)
{
  ssize_t flushed = 0;

  tor_assert(chan);

  if (flushed >= num_cells) goto done;

  /*
   * If channel_tls_t ever buffers anything below the channel_t layer, flush
   * that first here.
   */

  flushed += channel_flush_some_cells(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan),
                                      num_cells - flushed);

  /*
   * If channel_tls_t ever buffers anything below the channel_t layer, check
   * how much we actually got and push it on down here.
   */

 done:
  return flushed;
}

/**
 * Check if a channel_tls_t has anything to flush
 *
 * Return true if there is any more to flush on this channel (cells in queue
 * or active circuits).
 *
 * @param chan Channel to test
 * @return 1 if chan has anything to flush, 0 otherwise
 */

int
channel_tls_more_to_flush(channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  tor_assert(chan);

  /*
   * If channel_tls_t ever buffers anything below channel_t, the
   * check for that should go here first.
   */

  return channel_more_to_flush(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan));
}

#ifdef KEEP_TIMING_STATS

/**
 * Timing states wrapper
 *
 * This is a wrapper function around the actual function that processes the
 * <b>cell</b> that just arrived on <b>chan</b>. Increment <b>*time</b>
 * by the number of microseconds used by the call to <b>*func(cell, chan)</b>.
 *
 * @param cell Incoming cell to process
 * @param chan Channel it arrived on
 * @param time Increment this by the number of microseconds it took to handle
 *        this cell
 * @param func Function pointer to cell handling function
 */

static void
channel_tls_time_process_cell(cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan, int *time,
                              void (*func)(cell_t *, channel_tls_t *))
{
  struct timeval start, end;
  long time_passed;

  tor_gettimeofday(&start);

  (*func)(cell, chan);

  tor_gettimeofday(&end);
  time_passed = tv_udiff(&start, &end) ;

  if (time_passed > 10000) { /* more than 10ms */
    log_debug(LD_OR,"That call just took %ld ms.",time_passed/1000);
  }

  if (time_passed < 0) {
    log_info(LD_GENERAL,"That call took us back in time!");
    time_passed = 0;
  }

  *time += time_passed;
}
#endif

/**
 * Handle an incoming cell on a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This is called from connection_or.c to handle an arriving cell; it checks
 * for cell types specific to the handshake for this transport protocol and
 * handles them, and queues all other cells to the channel_t layer, which
 * eventually will hand them off to command.c.
 *
 * @param cell Cell to handle
 * @param conn The or_connection_t cell arrived on
 */

void
channel_tls_handle_cell(cell_t *cell, or_connection_t *conn)
{
  channel_tls_t *chan;
  int handshaking;

#ifdef KEEP_TIMING_STATS
#define PROCESS_CELL(tp, cl, cn) STMT_BEGIN {                   \
    ++num ## tp;                                                \
    channel_tls_time_process_cell(cl, cn, & tp ## time ,            \
                             channel_tls_process_ ## tp ## _cell);  \
    } STMT_END
#else
#define PROCESS_CELL(tp, cl, cn) channel_tls_process_ ## tp ## _cell(cl, cn)
#endif

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(conn);

  chan = conn->chan;

 if (!chan) {
   log_warn(LD_CHANNEL,
            "Got a cell_t on an OR connection with no channel");
   return;
  }

  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));

  handshaking = (TO_CONN(conn)->state != OR_CONN_STATE_OPEN);

  if (conn->_base.marked_for_close)
    return;

  /* Reject all but VERSIONS and NETINFO when handshaking. */
  /* (VERSIONS should actually be impossible; it's variable-length.) */
  if (handshaking && cell->command != CELL_VERSIONS &&
      cell->command != CELL_NETINFO) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
           "Received unexpected cell command %d in chan state %s / "
           "conn state %s; closing the connection.",
           (int)cell->command,
           channel_state_to_string(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
           conn_state_to_string(CONN_TYPE_OR, TO_CONN(conn)->state));
    connection_or_close_for_error(conn, 0);
    return;
  }

  if (conn->_base.state == OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3)
    or_handshake_state_record_cell(conn->handshake_state, cell, 1);

  switch (cell->command) {
    case CELL_PADDING:
      ++stats_n_padding_cells_processed;
      /* do nothing */
      break;
    case CELL_VERSIONS:
      tor_fragile_assert();
      break;
    case CELL_NETINFO:
      ++stats_n_netinfo_cells_processed;
      PROCESS_CELL(netinfo, cell, chan);
      break;
    case CELL_CREATE:
    case CELL_CREATE_FAST:
    case CELL_CREATED:
    case CELL_CREATED_FAST:
    case CELL_RELAY:
    case CELL_RELAY_EARLY:
    case CELL_DESTROY:
      /*
       * These are all transport independent and we pass them up through the
       * channel_t mechanism.  They are ultimately handled in command.c.
       */
      channel_queue_cell(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan), cell);
      break;
    default:
      log_fn(LOG_INFO, LD_PROTOCOL,
             "Cell of unknown type (%d) received in channeltls.c.  "
             "Dropping.",
             cell->command);
             break;
  }
}

/**
 * Handle an incoming variable-length cell on a channel_tls_t
 *
 * Process a <b>var_cell</b> that was just received on <b>conn</b>. Keep
 * internal statistics about how many of each cell we've processed so far
 * this second, and the total number of microseconds it took to
 * process each type of cell.  All the var_cell commands are handshake-
 * related and live below the channel_t layer, so no variable-length
 * cells ever get delivered in the current implementation, but I've left
 * the mechanism in place for future use.
 *
 * @param var_cell Incoming cell to handle
 * @param conn The or_connection_t var_cell arrived on
 */

void
channel_tls_handle_var_cell(var_cell_t *var_cell, or_connection_t *conn)
{
  channel_tls_t *chan;
  int handshaking;

#ifdef KEEP_TIMING_STATS
  /* how many of each cell have we seen so far this second? needs better
   * name. */
  static int num_versions = 0, num_certs = 0;
  static time_t current_second = 0; /* from previous calls to time */
  time_t now = time(NULL);

  if (current_second == 0) current_second = now;
  if (now > current_second) { /* the second has rolled over */
    /* print stats */
    log_info(LD_OR,
             "At end of second: %d versions (%d ms), %d certs (%d ms)",
             num_versions, versions_time / ((now - current_second) * 1000),
             num_certs, certs_time / ((now - current_second) * 1000));

    num_versions = num_certs = 0;
    versions_time = certs_time = 0;

    /* remember which second it is, for next time */
    current_second = now;
  }
#endif

  tor_assert(var_cell);
  tor_assert(conn);

  chan = conn->chan;

  if (!chan) {
    log_warn(LD_CHANNEL,
             "Got a var_cell_t on an OR connection with no channel");
    return;
  }

  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));

  handshaking = (TO_CONN(conn)->state != OR_CONN_STATE_OPEN);

  if (TO_CONN(conn)->marked_for_close)
    return;

  switch (TO_CONN(conn)->state) {
    case OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V2:
      if (var_cell->command != CELL_VERSIONS) {
        log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
               "Received a cell with command %d in unexpected "
               "orconn state \"%s\" [%d], channel state \"%s\" [%d]; "
               "closing the connection.",
               (int)(var_cell->command),
               conn_state_to_string(CONN_TYPE_OR, TO_CONN(conn)->state),
               TO_CONN(conn)->state,
               channel_state_to_string(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
               (int)(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state));
        /*
         * The code in connection_or.c will tell channel_t to close for
         * error; it will go to CHANNEL_STATE_CLOSING, and then to
         * CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR when conn is closed.
         */
        connection_or_close_for_error(conn, 0);
        return;
      }
      break;
    case OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_HANDSHAKING:
      /* If we're using bufferevents, it's entirely possible for us to
       * notice "hey, data arrived!" before we notice "hey, the handshake
       * finished!" And we need to be accepting both at once to handle both
       * the v2 and v3 handshakes. */

      /* fall through */
    case OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_SERVER_RENEGOTIATING:
      if (!(command_allowed_before_handshake(var_cell->command))) {
        log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
               "Received a cell with command %d in unexpected "
               "orconn state \"%s\" [%d], channel state \"%s\" [%d]; "
               "closing the connection.",
               (int)(var_cell->command),
               conn_state_to_string(CONN_TYPE_OR, TO_CONN(conn)->state),
               (int)(TO_CONN(conn)->state),
               channel_state_to_string(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
               (int)(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state));
        /* see above comment about CHANNEL_STATE_ERROR */
        connection_or_close_for_error(conn, 0);
        return;
      } else {
        if (enter_v3_handshake_with_cell(var_cell, chan) < 0)
          return;
      }
      break;
    case OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3:
      if (var_cell->command != CELL_AUTHENTICATE)
        or_handshake_state_record_var_cell(conn->handshake_state, var_cell, 1);
      break; /* Everything is allowed */
    case OR_CONN_STATE_OPEN:
      if (conn->link_proto < 3) {
        log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
               "Received a variable-length cell with command %d in orconn "
               "state %s [%d], channel state %s [%d] with link protocol %d; "
               "ignoring it.",
               (int)(var_cell->command),
               conn_state_to_string(CONN_TYPE_OR, TO_CONN(conn)->state),
               (int)(TO_CONN(conn)->state),
               channel_state_to_string(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
               (int)(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
               (int)(conn->link_proto));
        return;
      }
      break;
    default:
      log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
             "Received var-length cell with command %d in unexpected "
             "orconn state \"%s\" [%d], channel state \"%s\" [%d]; "
             "ignoring it.",
             (int)(var_cell->command),
             conn_state_to_string(CONN_TYPE_OR, TO_CONN(conn)->state),
             (int)(TO_CONN(conn)->state),
             channel_state_to_string(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state),
             (int)(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->state));
      return;
  }

  /* Now handle the cell */

  switch (var_cell->command) {
    case CELL_VERSIONS:
      ++stats_n_versions_cells_processed;
      PROCESS_CELL(versions, var_cell, chan);
      break;
    case CELL_VPADDING:
      ++stats_n_vpadding_cells_processed;
      /* Do nothing */
      break;
    case CELL_CERTS:
      ++stats_n_certs_cells_processed;
      PROCESS_CELL(certs, var_cell, chan);
      break;
    case CELL_AUTH_CHALLENGE:
      ++stats_n_auth_challenge_cells_processed;
      PROCESS_CELL(auth_challenge, var_cell, chan);
      break;
    case CELL_AUTHENTICATE:
      ++stats_n_authenticate_cells_processed;
      PROCESS_CELL(authenticate, var_cell, chan);
      break;
    case CELL_AUTHORIZE:
      ++stats_n_authorize_cells_processed;
      /* Ignored so far. */
      break;
    default:
      log_fn(LOG_INFO, LD_PROTOCOL,
             "Variable-length cell of unknown type (%d) received.",
             (int)(var_cell->command));
      break;
  }
}

/**
 * Check if this cell type is allowed before the handshake is finished
 *
 * Return true if <b>command</b> is a cell command that's allowed to start a
 * V3 handshake.
 *
 * @param command Cell type to check
 */

static int
command_allowed_before_handshake(uint8_t command)
{
  switch (command) {
    case CELL_VERSIONS:
    case CELL_VPADDING:
    case CELL_AUTHORIZE:
      return 1;
    default:
      return 0;
  }
}

/**
 * Start a V3 handshake on an incoming connection
 *
 * Called when we as a server receive an appropriate cell while waiting
 * either for a cell or a TLS handshake.  Set the connection's state to
 * "handshaking_v3', initializes the or_handshake_state field as needed,
 * and add the cell to the hash of incoming cells.)
 *
 * @param cell Incoming cell initiating the handshake
 * @param chan Channel cell was received on
 * @return 0 on success; return -1 and mark the connection on failure.
 */

static int
enter_v3_handshake_with_cell(var_cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  int started_here = 0;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

  started_here = connection_or_nonopen_was_started_here(chan->conn);

  tor_assert(TO_CONN(chan->conn)->state == OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_HANDSHAKING ||
             TO_CONN(chan->conn)->state ==
               OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_SERVER_RENEGOTIATING);

  if (started_here) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Received a cell while TLS-handshaking, not in "
           "OR_HANDSHAKING_V3, on a connection we originated.");
  }
  chan->conn->_base.state = OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3;
  if (connection_init_or_handshake_state(chan->conn, started_here) < 0) {
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return -1;
  }
  or_handshake_state_record_var_cell(chan->conn->handshake_state, cell, 1);
  return 0;
}

/**
 * Process a 'versions' cell.
 *
 * This function is called to handle an incoming VERSIONS cell; the current
 * link protocol version must be 0 to indicate that no version has yet been
 * negotiated.  We compare the versions in the cell to the list of versions
 * we support, pick the highest version we have in common, and continue the
 * negotiation from there.
 *
 * @param cell Incoming VERSIONS cell
 * @param chan Channel that cell arrived on
 */

static void
channel_tls_process_versions_cell(var_cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  int highest_supported_version = 0;
  const uint8_t *cp, *end;
  int started_here = 0;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

  started_here = connection_or_nonopen_was_started_here(chan->conn);

  if (chan->conn->link_proto != 0 ||
      (chan->conn->handshake_state &&
       chan->conn->handshake_state->received_versions)) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Received a VERSIONS cell on a connection with its version "
           "already set to %d; dropping",
           (int)(chan->conn->link_proto));
    return;
  }
  switch (chan->conn->_base.state)
    {
    case OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V2:
    case OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3:
      break;
    case OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_HANDSHAKING:
    case OR_CONN_STATE_TLS_SERVER_RENEGOTIATING:
    default:
      log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
             "VERSIONS cell while in unexpected state");
      return;
  }

  tor_assert(chan->conn->handshake_state);
  end = cell->payload + cell->payload_len;
  for (cp = cell->payload; cp+1 < end; ++cp) {
    uint16_t v = ntohs(get_uint16(cp));
    if (is_or_protocol_version_known(v) && v > highest_supported_version)
      highest_supported_version = v;
  }
  if (!highest_supported_version) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Couldn't find a version in common between my version list and the "
           "list in the VERSIONS cell; closing connection.");
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return;
  } else if (highest_supported_version == 1) {
    /* Negotiating version 1 makes no sense, since version 1 has no VERSIONS
     * cells. */
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Used version negotiation protocol to negotiate a v1 connection. "
           "That's crazily non-compliant. Closing connection.");
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return;
  } else if (highest_supported_version < 3 &&
             chan->conn->_base.state ==  OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Negotiated link protocol 2 or lower after doing a v3 TLS "
           "handshake. Closing connection.");
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return;
  }

  chan->conn->link_proto = highest_supported_version;
  chan->conn->handshake_state->received_versions = 1;

  if (chan->conn->link_proto == 2) {
    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Negotiated version %d with %s:%d; sending NETINFO.",
             highest_supported_version,
             safe_str_client(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port);

    if (connection_or_send_netinfo(chan->conn) < 0) {
      connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
      return;
    }
  } else {
    const int send_versions = !started_here;
    /* If we want to authenticate, send a CERTS cell */
    const int send_certs = !started_here || public_server_mode(get_options());
    /* If we're a relay that got a connection, ask for authentication. */
    const int send_chall = !started_here && public_server_mode(get_options());
    /* If our certs cell will authenticate us, we can send a netinfo cell
     * right now. */
    const int send_netinfo = !started_here;
    const int send_any =
      send_versions || send_certs || send_chall || send_netinfo;
    tor_assert(chan->conn->link_proto >= 3);

    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Negotiated version %d with %s:%d; %s%s%s%s%s",
             highest_supported_version,
             safe_str_client(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port,
             send_any ? "Sending cells:" : "Waiting for CERTS cell",
             send_versions ? " VERSIONS" : "",
             send_certs ? " CERTS" : "",
             send_chall ? " AUTH_CHALLENGE" : "",
             send_netinfo ? " NETINFO" : "");

#ifdef DISABLE_V3_LINKPROTO_SERVERSIDE
    if (1) {
      connection_or_close_normally(chan->conn, 1);
      return;
    }
#endif

    if (send_versions) {
      if (connection_or_send_versions(chan->conn, 1) < 0) {
        log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send versions cell");
        connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
        return;
      }
    }
    if (send_certs) {
      if (connection_or_send_certs_cell(chan->conn) < 0) {
        log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send certs cell");
        connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
        return;
      }
    }
    if (send_chall) {
      if (connection_or_send_auth_challenge_cell(chan->conn) < 0) {
        log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send auth_challenge cell");
        connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
        return;
      }
    }
    if (send_netinfo) {
      if (connection_or_send_netinfo(chan->conn) < 0) {
        log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send netinfo cell");
        connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
        return;
      }
    }
  }
}

/**
 * Process a 'netinfo' cell
 *
 * This function is called to handle an incoming NETINFO cell; read and act
 * on its contents, and set the connection state to "open".
 *
 * @param cell Incoming NETINFO cell
 * @param chan Channel that cell arrived on
 */

static void
channel_tls_process_netinfo_cell(cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  time_t timestamp;
  uint8_t my_addr_type;
  uint8_t my_addr_len;
  const uint8_t *my_addr_ptr;
  const uint8_t *cp, *end;
  uint8_t n_other_addrs;
  time_t now = time(NULL);

  long apparent_skew = 0;
  tor_addr_t my_apparent_addr = TOR_ADDR_NULL;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

  if (chan->conn->link_proto < 2) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Received a NETINFO cell on %s connection; dropping.",
           chan->conn->link_proto == 0 ? "non-versioned" : "a v1");
    return;
  }
  if (chan->conn->_base.state != OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V2 &&
      chan->conn->_base.state != OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Received a NETINFO cell on non-handshaking connection; dropping.");
    return;
  }
  tor_assert(chan->conn->handshake_state &&
             chan->conn->handshake_state->received_versions);

  if (chan->conn->_base.state == OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3) {
    tor_assert(chan->conn->link_proto >= 3);
    if (chan->conn->handshake_state->started_here) {
      if (!(chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated)) {
        log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
               "Got a NETINFO cell from server, "
               "but no authentication.  Closing the connection.");
        connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
        return;
      }
    } else {
      /* we're the server.  If the client never authenticated, we have
         some housekeeping to do.*/
      if (!(chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated)) {
        tor_assert(tor_digest_is_zero(
                  (const char*)(chan->conn->handshake_state->
                      authenticated_peer_id)));
        channel_set_circid_type(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan), NULL);

        connection_or_init_conn_from_address(chan->conn,
                  &(chan->conn->_base.addr),
                  chan->conn->_base.port,
                  (const char*)(chan->conn->handshake_state->
                   authenticated_peer_id),
                  0);
      }
    }
  }

  /* Decode the cell. */
  timestamp = ntohl(get_uint32(cell->payload));
  if (labs(now - chan->conn->handshake_state->sent_versions_at) < 180) {
    apparent_skew = now - timestamp;
  }

  my_addr_type = (uint8_t) cell->payload[4];
  my_addr_len = (uint8_t) cell->payload[5];
  my_addr_ptr = (uint8_t*) cell->payload + 6;
  end = cell->payload + CELL_PAYLOAD_SIZE;
  cp = cell->payload + 6 + my_addr_len;
  if (cp >= end) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Addresses too long in netinfo cell; closing connection.");
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return;
  } else if (my_addr_type == RESOLVED_TYPE_IPV4 && my_addr_len == 4) {
    tor_addr_from_ipv4n(&my_apparent_addr, get_uint32(my_addr_ptr));
  } else if (my_addr_type == RESOLVED_TYPE_IPV6 && my_addr_len == 16) {
    tor_addr_from_ipv6_bytes(&my_apparent_addr, (const char *) my_addr_ptr);
  }

  n_other_addrs = (uint8_t) *cp++;
  while (n_other_addrs && cp < end-2) {
    /* Consider all the other addresses; if any matches, this connection is
     * "canonical." */
    tor_addr_t addr;
    const uint8_t *next =
      decode_address_from_payload(&addr, cp, (int)(end-cp));
    if (next == NULL) {
      log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN,  LD_OR,
             "Bad address in netinfo cell; closing connection.");
      connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
      return;
    }
    if (tor_addr_eq(&addr, &(chan->conn->real_addr))) {
      chan->conn->is_canonical = 1;
      break;
    }
    cp = next;
    --n_other_addrs;
  }

  /* Act on apparent skew. */
  /** Warn when we get a netinfo skew with at least this value. */
#define NETINFO_NOTICE_SKEW 3600
  if (labs(apparent_skew) > NETINFO_NOTICE_SKEW &&
      router_get_by_id_digest(chan->conn->identity_digest)) {
    char dbuf[64];
    int severity;
    /*XXXX be smarter about when everybody says we are skewed. */
    if (router_digest_is_trusted_dir(chan->conn->identity_digest))
      severity = LOG_WARN;
    else
      severity = LOG_INFO;
    format_time_interval(dbuf, sizeof(dbuf), apparent_skew);
    log_fn(severity, LD_GENERAL,
           "Received NETINFO cell with skewed time from "
           "server at %s:%d.  It seems that our clock is %s by %s, or "
           "that theirs is %s. Tor requires an accurate clock to work: "
           "please check your time and date settings.",
           chan->conn->_base.address,
           (int)(chan->conn->_base.port),
           apparent_skew > 0 ? "ahead" : "behind",
           dbuf,
           apparent_skew > 0 ? "behind" : "ahead");
    if (severity == LOG_WARN) /* only tell the controller if an authority */
      control_event_general_status(LOG_WARN,
                          "CLOCK_SKEW SKEW=%ld SOURCE=OR:%s:%d",
                          apparent_skew,
                          chan->conn->_base.address,
                          chan->conn->_base.port);
  }

  /* XXX maybe act on my_apparent_addr, if the source is sufficiently
   * trustworthy. */

  if (connection_or_set_state_open(chan->conn) < 0) {
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_OR,
           "Got good NETINFO cell from %s:%d; but "
           "was unable to make the OR connection become open.",
           safe_str_client(chan->conn->_base.address),
           chan->conn->_base.port);
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
  } else {
    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got good NETINFO cell from %s:%d; OR connection is now "
             "open, using protocol version %d. Its ID digest is %s. "
             "Our address is apparently %s.",
             safe_str_client(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port,
             (int)(chan->conn->link_proto),
             hex_str(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->u.cell_chan.identity_digest,
                     DIGEST_LEN),
             tor_addr_is_null(&my_apparent_addr) ?
             "<none>" : fmt_and_decorate_addr(&my_apparent_addr));
  }
  assert_connection_ok(TO_CONN(chan->conn),time(NULL));
}

/**
 * Process a CERTS cell from a channel.
 *
 * This function is called to process an incoming CERTS cell on a
 * channel_tls_t:
 *
 * If the other side should not have sent us a CERTS cell, or the cell is
 * malformed, or it is supposed to authenticate the TLS key but it doesn't,
 * then mark the connection.
 *
 * If the cell has a good cert chain and we're doing a v3 handshake, then
 * store the certificates in or_handshake_state.  If this is the client side
 * of the connection, we then authenticate the server or mark the connection.
 * If it's the server side, wait for an AUTHENTICATE cell.
 *
 * @param cell Incoming CERTS cell
 * @param chan Channel that cell arrived on
 */

static void
channel_tls_process_certs_cell(var_cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  tor_cert_t *link_cert = NULL;
  tor_cert_t *id_cert = NULL;
  tor_cert_t *auth_cert = NULL;
  uint8_t *ptr;
  int n_certs, i;
  int send_netinfo = 0;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

#define ERR(s)                                                  \
  do {                                                          \
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,                      \
           "Received a bad CERTS cell from %s:%d: %s",          \
           safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),                 \
           chan->conn->_base.port, (s));                        \
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);               \
    return;                                                     \
  } while (0)

  if (chan->conn->_base.state != OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3)
    ERR("We're not doing a v3 handshake!");
  if (chan->conn->link_proto < 3)
    ERR("We're not using link protocol >= 3");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->received_certs_cell)
    ERR("We already got one");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated) {
    /* Should be unreachable, but let's make sure. */
    ERR("We're already authenticated!");
  }
  if (cell->payload_len < 1)
    ERR("It had no body");
  if (cell->circ_id)
    ERR("It had a nonzero circuit ID");

  n_certs = cell->payload[0];
  ptr = cell->payload + 1;
  for (i = 0; i < n_certs; ++i) {
    uint8_t cert_type;
    uint16_t cert_len;
    if (ptr + 3 > cell->payload + cell->payload_len) {
      goto truncated;
    }
    cert_type = *ptr;
    cert_len = ntohs(get_uint16(ptr+1));
    if (ptr + 3 + cert_len > cell->payload + cell->payload_len) {
      goto truncated;
    }
    if (cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_TLS_LINK ||
        cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_ID_1024 ||
        cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_AUTH_1024) {
      tor_cert_t *cert = tor_cert_decode(ptr + 3, cert_len);
      if (!cert) {
        log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,
               "Received undecodable certificate in CERTS cell from %s:%d",
               safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),
               chan->conn->_base.port);
      } else {
        if (cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_TLS_LINK) {
          if (link_cert) {
            tor_cert_free(cert);
            ERR("Too many TLS_LINK certificates");
          }
          link_cert = cert;
        } else if (cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_ID_1024) {
          if (id_cert) {
            tor_cert_free(cert);
            ERR("Too many ID_1024 certificates");
          }
          id_cert = cert;
        } else if (cert_type == OR_CERT_TYPE_AUTH_1024) {
          if (auth_cert) {
            tor_cert_free(cert);
            ERR("Too many AUTH_1024 certificates");
          }
          auth_cert = cert;
        } else {
          tor_cert_free(cert);
        }
      }
    }
    ptr += 3 + cert_len;
    continue;

  truncated:
    ERR("It ends in the middle of a certificate");
  }

  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->started_here) {
    int severity;
    if (! (id_cert && link_cert))
      ERR("The certs we wanted were missing");
    /* Okay. We should be able to check the certificates now. */
    if (! tor_tls_cert_matches_key(chan->conn->tls, link_cert)) {
      ERR("The link certificate didn't match the TLS public key");
    }
    /* Note that this warns more loudly about time and validity if we were
    * _trying_ to connect to an authority, not necessarily if we _did_ connect
    * to one. */
    if (router_digest_is_trusted_dir(
          TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->u.cell_chan.identity_digest))
      severity = LOG_WARN;
    else
      severity = LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN;

    if (! tor_tls_cert_is_valid(severity, link_cert, id_cert, 0))
      ERR("The link certificate was not valid");
    if (! tor_tls_cert_is_valid(severity, id_cert, id_cert, 1))
      ERR("The ID certificate was not valid");

    chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated = 1;
    {
      const digests_t *id_digests = tor_cert_get_id_digests(id_cert);
      crypto_pk_t *identity_rcvd;
      if (!id_digests)
        ERR("Couldn't compute digests for key in ID cert");

      identity_rcvd = tor_tls_cert_get_key(id_cert);
      if (!identity_rcvd)
        ERR("Internal error: Couldn't get RSA key from ID cert.");
      memcpy(chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated_peer_id,
             id_digests->d[DIGEST_SHA1], DIGEST_LEN);
      channel_set_circid_type(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan), identity_rcvd);
      crypto_pk_free(identity_rcvd);
    }

    if (connection_or_client_learned_peer_id(chan->conn,
            chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated_peer_id) < 0)
      ERR("Problem setting or checking peer id");

    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got some good certificates from %s:%d: Authenticated it.",
             safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address), chan->conn->_base.port);

    chan->conn->handshake_state->id_cert = id_cert;
    id_cert = NULL;

    if (!public_server_mode(get_options())) {
      /* If we initiated the connection and we are not a public server, we
       * aren't planning to authenticate at all.  At this point we know who we
       * are talking to, so we can just send a netinfo now. */
      send_netinfo = 1;
    }
  } else {
    if (! (id_cert && auth_cert))
      ERR("The certs we wanted were missing");

    /* Remember these certificates so we can check an AUTHENTICATE cell */
    if (! tor_tls_cert_is_valid(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, auth_cert, id_cert, 1))
      ERR("The authentication certificate was not valid");
    if (! tor_tls_cert_is_valid(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, id_cert, id_cert, 1))
      ERR("The ID certificate was not valid");

    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got some good certificates from %s:%d: "
             "Waiting for AUTHENTICATE.",
             safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port);
    /* XXXX check more stuff? */

    chan->conn->handshake_state->id_cert = id_cert;
    chan->conn->handshake_state->auth_cert = auth_cert;
    id_cert = auth_cert = NULL;
  }

  chan->conn->handshake_state->received_certs_cell = 1;

  if (send_netinfo) {
    if (connection_or_send_netinfo(chan->conn) < 0) {
      log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send netinfo cell");
      connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
      goto err;
    }
  }

 err:
  tor_cert_free(id_cert);
  tor_cert_free(link_cert);
  tor_cert_free(auth_cert);
#undef ERR
}

/**
 * Process an AUTH_CHALLENGE cell from a channel_tls_t
 *
 * This function is called to handle an incoming AUTH_CHALLENGE cell on a
 * channel_tls_t; if we weren't supposed to get one (for example, because we're
 * not the originator of the channel), or it's ill-formed, or we aren't doing
 * a v3 handshake, mark the channel.  If the cell is well-formed but we don't
 * want to authenticate, just drop it.  If the cell is well-formed *and* we
 * want to authenticate, send an AUTHENTICATE cell and then a NETINFO cell.
 *
 * @param cell Incoming AUTH_CHALLENGE cell to handle
 * @param chan Channel that cell arrived on
 */

static void
channel_tls_process_auth_challenge_cell(var_cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  int n_types, i, use_type = -1;
  uint8_t *cp;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

#define ERR(s)                                                  \
  do {                                                          \
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,                      \
           "Received a bad AUTH_CHALLENGE cell from %s:%d: %s", \
           safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),                 \
           chan->conn->_base.port, (s));                        \
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);               \
    return;                                                     \
  } while (0)

  if (chan->conn->_base.state != OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3)
    ERR("We're not currently doing a v3 handshake");
  if (chan->conn->link_proto < 3)
    ERR("We're not using link protocol >= 3");
  if (!(chan->conn->handshake_state->started_here))
    ERR("We didn't originate this connection");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->received_auth_challenge)
    ERR("We already received one");
  if (!(chan->conn->handshake_state->received_certs_cell))
    ERR("We haven't gotten a CERTS cell yet");
  if (cell->payload_len < OR_AUTH_CHALLENGE_LEN + 2)
    ERR("It was too short");
  if (cell->circ_id)
    ERR("It had a nonzero circuit ID");

  n_types = ntohs(get_uint16(cell->payload + OR_AUTH_CHALLENGE_LEN));
  if (cell->payload_len < OR_AUTH_CHALLENGE_LEN + 2 + 2*n_types)
    ERR("It looks truncated");

  /* Now see if there is an authentication type we can use */
  cp = cell->payload+OR_AUTH_CHALLENGE_LEN + 2;
  for (i = 0; i < n_types; ++i, cp += 2) {
    uint16_t authtype = ntohs(get_uint16(cp));
    if (authtype == AUTHTYPE_RSA_SHA256_TLSSECRET)
      use_type = authtype;
  }

  chan->conn->handshake_state->received_auth_challenge = 1;

  if (! public_server_mode(get_options())) {
    /* If we're not a public server then we don't want to authenticate on a
       connection we originated, and we already sent a NETINFO cell when we
       got the CERTS cell. We have nothing more to do. */
    return;
  }

  if (use_type >= 0) {
    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got an AUTH_CHALLENGE cell from %s:%d: Sending "
             "authentication",
             safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port);

    if (connection_or_send_authenticate_cell(chan->conn, use_type) < 0) {
      log_warn(LD_OR,
               "Couldn't send authenticate cell");
      connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
      return;
    }
  } else {
    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got an AUTH_CHALLENGE cell from %s:%d, but we don't "
             "know any of its authentication types. Not authenticating.",
             safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port);
  }

  if (connection_or_send_netinfo(chan->conn) < 0) {
    log_warn(LD_OR, "Couldn't send netinfo cell");
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);
    return;
  }

#undef ERR
}

/**
 * Process an AUTHENTICATE cell from a channel_tls_t
 *
 * If it's ill-formed or we weren't supposed to get one or we're not doing a
 * v3 handshake, then mark the connection.  If it does not authenticate the
 * other side of the connection successfully (because it isn't signed right,
 * we didn't get a CERTS cell, etc) mark the connection.  Otherwise, accept
 * the identity of the router on the other side of the connection.
 *
 * @param cell Incoming AUTHENTICATE cell
 * @param chan Channel that cell arrived on
 */

static void
channel_tls_process_authenticate_cell(var_cell_t *cell, channel_tls_t *chan)
{
  uint8_t expected[V3_AUTH_FIXED_PART_LEN];
  const uint8_t *auth;
  int authlen;

  tor_assert(cell);
  tor_assert(chan);
  tor_assert(!(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan)->is_listener));
  tor_assert(chan->conn);

#define ERR(s)                                                  \
  do {                                                          \
    log_fn(LOG_PROTOCOL_WARN, LD_PROTOCOL,                      \
           "Received a bad AUTHENTICATE cell from %s:%d: %s",   \
           safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),                 \
           chan->conn->_base.port, (s));                        \
    connection_or_close_for_error(chan->conn, 0);               \
    return;                                                     \
  } while (0)

  if (chan->conn->_base.state != OR_CONN_STATE_OR_HANDSHAKING_V3)
    ERR("We're not doing a v3 handshake");
  if (chan->conn->link_proto < 3)
    ERR("We're not using link protocol >= 3");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->started_here)
    ERR("We originated this connection");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->received_authenticate)
    ERR("We already got one!");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated) {
    /* Should be impossible given other checks */
    ERR("The peer is already authenticated");
  }
  if (!(chan->conn->handshake_state->received_certs_cell))
    ERR("We never got a certs cell");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->auth_cert == NULL)
    ERR("We never got an authentication certificate");
  if (chan->conn->handshake_state->id_cert == NULL)
    ERR("We never got an identity certificate");
  if (cell->payload_len < 4)
    ERR("Cell was way too short");

  auth = cell->payload;
  {
    uint16_t type = ntohs(get_uint16(auth));
    uint16_t len = ntohs(get_uint16(auth+2));
    if (4 + len > cell->payload_len)
      ERR("Authenticator was truncated");

    if (type != AUTHTYPE_RSA_SHA256_TLSSECRET)
      ERR("Authenticator type was not recognized");

    auth += 4;
    authlen = len;
  }

  if (authlen < V3_AUTH_BODY_LEN + 1)
    ERR("Authenticator was too short");

  if (connection_or_compute_authenticate_cell_body(
                        chan->conn, expected, sizeof(expected), NULL, 1) < 0)
    ERR("Couldn't compute expected AUTHENTICATE cell body");

  if (tor_memneq(expected, auth, sizeof(expected)))
    ERR("Some field in the AUTHENTICATE cell body was not as expected");

  {
    crypto_pk_t *pk = tor_tls_cert_get_key(
                                   chan->conn->handshake_state->auth_cert);
    char d[DIGEST256_LEN];
    char *signed_data;
    size_t keysize;
    int signed_len;

    if (!pk)
      ERR("Internal error: couldn't get RSA key from AUTH cert.");
    crypto_digest256(d, (char*)auth, V3_AUTH_BODY_LEN, DIGEST_SHA256);

    keysize = crypto_pk_keysize(pk);
    signed_data = tor_malloc(keysize);
    signed_len = crypto_pk_public_checksig(pk, signed_data, keysize,
                                           (char*)auth + V3_AUTH_BODY_LEN,
                                           authlen - V3_AUTH_BODY_LEN);
    crypto_pk_free(pk);
    if (signed_len < 0) {
      tor_free(signed_data);
      ERR("Signature wasn't valid");
    }
    if (signed_len < DIGEST256_LEN) {
      tor_free(signed_data);
      ERR("Not enough data was signed");
    }
    /* Note that we deliberately allow *more* than DIGEST256_LEN bytes here,
     * in case they're later used to hold a SHA3 digest or something. */
    if (tor_memneq(signed_data, d, DIGEST256_LEN)) {
      tor_free(signed_data);
      ERR("Signature did not match data to be signed.");
    }
    tor_free(signed_data);
  }

  /* Okay, we are authenticated. */
  chan->conn->handshake_state->received_authenticate = 1;
  chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated = 1;
  chan->conn->handshake_state->digest_received_data = 0;
  {
    crypto_pk_t *identity_rcvd =
      tor_tls_cert_get_key(chan->conn->handshake_state->id_cert);
    const digests_t *id_digests =
      tor_cert_get_id_digests(chan->conn->handshake_state->id_cert);

    /* This must exist; we checked key type when reading the cert. */
    tor_assert(id_digests);

    memcpy(chan->conn->handshake_state->authenticated_peer_id,
           id_digests->d[DIGEST_SHA1], DIGEST_LEN);

    channel_set_circid_type(TLS_CHAN_TO_BASE(chan), identity_rcvd);
    crypto_pk_free(identity_rcvd);

    connection_or_init_conn_from_address(chan->conn,
                  &(chan->conn->_base.addr),
                  chan->conn->_base.port,
                  (const char*)(chan->conn->handshake_state->
                    authenticated_peer_id),
                  0);

    log_info(LD_OR,
             "Got an AUTHENTICATE cell from %s:%d: Looks good.",
             safe_str(chan->conn->_base.address),
             chan->conn->_base.port);
  }

#undef ERR
}